最近闲来无事，做个通讯录，最基础的那种，离实用差得远了，纯粹当练手了，所以不要抱有什么幻想，嘿嘿…

主要是有点忘记C++的运算符重载了，另外由于当时学C++时直接把文件那一章跳了过去，也想借此机会练习一下，还有一个重要的原因就是手机要刷机，虽然网上不少备份程序，还是想趁机写个自己用，嘿嘿…

收获有以下几点：

1.使用文件采用程序开始时全部读入，结束后全部输出的方式，整个程序运行时只进行两次文件的读写（这个是学长介绍的方法），由于数据不算庞大，采用这种方法空间效率还可以；

2.把所有操作放在类的构造函数中，这样可以造成自动调用的效果（虽然不知道这样做有木有什么潜在危害）；

3.发现原来类型的声明可以放在类中，而且typedef包含的struct声明中可以有类似构造函数的成员函数出现，可以自动完成初始化操作，非常方便，（以前一直用类来着，看起来有点杀鸡用牛刀的感觉）；

缺点是：

1.不能按姓氏排列记录；
2.没有检查号码位数以判断输入是否合法的功能；
3.代码不够简练，尤其是按名字和按号码查询可以合成一个函数而我用了两个；

contacts.h

#include<string>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

#include<fstream>

class Contacts
{
public:
	Contacts(); //构造函数
private:
	void UI(); //欢迎界面
	void Read(); //从文件读取数据
	void SearchName(string); //按名字搜索
	void SearchNum(string); //按号码搜索
	void Insert(string, string); //插入记录
	void ShowAllRecord(); //打印全部记录
	void DeleteName(string); //按名字删除
	void DeleteNum(string); //按号码删除
	void DeleteMenu(); //删除菜单
	void Save(); //保存数据到文件
	void SearchRecordMenu(); //搜索记录菜单
	void InsertRecordMenu(); //插入记录菜单
	typedef struct Record
	{
		string name;
		string phonenum;
	} Record; //一条记录包括名字和号码
	typedef struct ListNode
	{
		Record record;
		ListNode *next;
		ListNode()
		{
			next = NULL;
		}
	} ListNode; //单条记录节点
	typedef struct List
	{
		ListNode *firstrecord;
		int listlen;
		List()
		{
			listlen = 0;
			firstrecord = NULL;
		}
	} List; //通讯录的表存储结构
	List l;
};

Contacts::Contacts()
{
	Read();
	int choice;
	while (1)
	{
		system("cls");
		UI();
		cout << "1 . 搜索记录" << endl << "2 . 插入记录" << endl << "3 . 删除记录" << endl
				<< "4 . 所有记录" << endl << "5 . 退出" << endl << endl;
		cout << "您的选择是 ?" << endl;
		cin >> choice;
		system("cls");
		switch (choice)
		{
		case 1:
			SearchRecordMenu();
			break;
		case 2:
			InsertRecordMenu();
			break;
		case 3:
			DeleteMenu();
			system("pause");
			break;
		case 4:
			system("cls");
			ShowAllRecord();
			system("pause");
			break;
		case 5:
			system("cls");
			Save();
			return;
		}
	}
}

void Contacts::UI() //用户界面
{
	cout << "************************************************************"
			<< endl
			<< "*                                                          *"
			<< endl
			<< "*                                                          *"
			<< endl << "*            简      易      通      讯      录            *"
			<< endl
			<< "*                                                          *"
			<< endl
			<< "*                                                          *"
			<< endl
			<< "************************************************************"
			<< endl;
}

void Contacts::Read()
{
	ifstream infile;
	infile.open("data.txt", ios::in);
	if (infile != NULL)
	{
		string name, num;
		ListNode *p;
		while (infile >> name >> num)
		{
			if (l.firstrecord == NULL)
			{
				l.firstrecord = new ListNode;
				l.firstrecord->record.name = name;
				l.firstrecord->record.phonenum = num;
				p = l.firstrecord;
			}
			else
			{
				p->next = new ListNode;
				p = p->next;
				p->record.name = name;
				p->record.phonenum = num;
			}
		}
	}
	infile.close();
}

void Contacts::Save()
{
	ofstream outfile;
	outfile.open("data.txt", ios::out);
	if (outfile != NULL)
	{
		ListNode *p = l.firstrecord;
		while (p != NULL)
		{
			outfile << p->record.name << " " << p->record.phonenum << endl;
			p = p->next;
		}
	}
	outfile.close();
}

void Contacts::SearchName(string name) //按名字搜索记录
{
	system("cls");
	ListNode *p = l.firstrecord;
	bool find = false;
	while (p != NULL)
	{
		if (p->record.name == name)
		{
			cout << p->record.name << " : " << p->record.phonenum << endl;
			find = true;
		}
		p = p->next;
	}
	if (find == false)
	{
		cout << "未找到记录 !" << endl << "插入这条记录 ?(y/n)" << endl;
		char choice;
		string num;
		while (1)
		{
			cin >> choice;
			system("cls");
			switch (choice)
			{
			case 'y':
				cout << "请输入" << name << "的电话号码：" << endl;
				cin >> num;
				system("cls");
				Insert(name, num);
				return;
			case 'n':
				return;
			default:
				cout << "插入这条记录 ?(y/n)" << endl;
				break;
			}
		}
	}
}

void Contacts::SearchNum(string num) //按号码搜索记录
{
	system("cls");
	ListNode *p = l.firstrecord;
	bool find = false;
	while (p != NULL)
	{
		if (p->record.phonenum == num)
		{
			cout << p->record.name << " : " << p->record.phonenum << endl;
			find = true;
		}
		p = p->next;
	}
	if (find == false)
	{
		cout << "未找到记录 !" << endl << "插入这条记录 ?(y/n)" << endl;
		char choice;
		string name;
		while (1)
		{
			cin >> choice;
			system("cls");
			switch (choice)
			{
			case 'y':
				cout << "请输入号码" << num << "的机主姓名" << endl;
				cin >> name;
				system("cls");
				Insert(name, num);
				return;
			case 'n':
				return;
			default:
				cout << "插入这条记录 ?(y/n)" << endl;
				break;
			}
		}
	}
}

void Contacts::Insert(string name, string num) //插入记录
{
	ListNode *p = l.firstrecord;
	if (p == NULL)
	{
		l.firstrecord = new ListNode;
		l.firstrecord->record.name = name;
		l.firstrecord->record.phonenum = num;
	}
	else
	{
		while (p->next != NULL)
			p = p->next;
		p->next = new ListNode;
		p = p->next;
		p->record.name = name;
		p->record.phonenum = num;
	}
}

void Contacts::ShowAllRecord()
{
	ListNode *p;
	if ((p = l.firstrecord) == NULL)
	{
		cout << "没有记录 !" << endl;
		return;
	}
	while (p != NULL)
	{
		cout << p->record.name << " : " << p->record.phonenum << endl;
		p = p->next;
	}
}

void Contacts::SearchRecordMenu()
{
	int choice;
	char quit;
	string name, num;
	while (1)
	{
		cout << "按名字（1）还是按号码（2）进行搜索 ?" << endl << endl;
		cin >> choice;
		system("cls");
		switch (choice)
		{
		case 1:
			cout << "请输入您要搜索的名字 :" << endl << endl;
			cin >> name;
			system("cls");
			SearchName(name);
			break;
		case 2:
			cout << "请输入您要搜索的电话号码 :" << endl << endl;
			cin >> num;
			system("cls");
			SearchNum(num);
			break;
		}
		cout << "退出 ?(y/n)" << endl << endl;
		cin >> quit;
		system("cls");
		if (quit == 'y')
			break;
		else if (quit == 'n')
			continue;
		else
		{
			cout << "选择错误 !" << endl << endl;
			break;
		}
	}
}

void Contacts::InsertRecordMenu()
{
	char quit;
	string name, num;
	while (1)
	{
		cout << "请输入您要记录的名字和号码（之间用空格隔开） :" << endl << endl;
		cin >> name >> num;
		system("cls");
		Insert(name, num);
		cout << "退出 ?(y/n)" << endl << endl;
		cin >> quit;
		system("cls");
		if (quit == 'y')
			break;
		else if (quit == 'n')
			continue;
		else
		{
			cout << "错误 !" << endl << endl;
			break;
		}
	}
}

void Contacts::DeleteMenu()
{
	int choice;
	string name, num;
	cout << "按姓名（1）还是按号码（2）删除记录？" << endl;
	cin >> choice;
	system("cls");
	switch (choice)
	{
	case 1:
		cout << "请输入您要删除的姓名：" << endl;
		cin >> name;
		system("cls");
		DeleteName(name);
		break;
	case 2:
		cout << "请输入您要删除的号码：" << endl;
		cin >> num;
		system("cls");
		DeleteNum(num);
		break;
	}
}

void Contacts::DeleteName(string name)
{
	ListNode *pre, *p;
	pre = p = l.firstrecord;
	if (p != NULL)
	{
		while (p != NULL && p->record.name != name)
		{
			pre = p;
			p = p->next;
		}
		if (p == NULL)
		{
			cout << "未找到相应记录！" << endl;
			return;
		}
		else
		{
			if (p->next == NULL)
			{
				if (pre == p)
				{
					l.firstrecord = NULL;
					delete p;
				}
				else
				{
					pre->next = NULL;
					delete p;
				}
			}
			else
			{
				if (pre == p)
				{
					l.firstrecord = l.firstrecord->next;
					delete p;
				}
				else
				{
					pre->next = p->next;
					delete p;
				}
			}
			cout << "删除成功！" << endl;
		}
	}
}

void Contacts::DeleteNum(string num)
{
	ListNode *pre, *p;
	pre = p = l.firstrecord;
	if (p != NULL)
	{
		while (p != NULL && p->record.phonenum != num)
		{
			pre = p;
			p = p->next;
		}
		if (p == NULL)
		{
			cout << "未找到相应记录！" << endl;
			return;
		}
		else
		{
			if (p->next == NULL)
			{
				if (pre == p)
				{
					l.firstrecord = NULL;
					delete p;
				}
				else
				{
					pre->next = NULL;
					delete p;
				}
			}
			else
			{
				if (pre == p)
				{
					l.firstrecord = l.firstrecord->next;
					delete p;
				}
				else
				{
					pre->next = p->next;
					delete p;
				}
			}
		}
		cout << "删除成功！" << endl;
	}
}

main.cpp

#include"Contacts.h"

int main()
{
	Contacts contact;
}